Periodontitis is a severe form of gum disease that significantly threatens oral health. Often silent in its progression, the disease can go unnoticed until symptoms become more pronounced. Early intervention is crucial to prevent irreversible tissue and bone damage. 

This article explores the symptoms, stages, and treatment options for periodontitis, highlighting the importance of early detection.

What is Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and bone supporting your teeth. It is caused by bacteria in plaque, a sticky film that forms on teeth. Without proper oral hygiene, plaque hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional through scaling.

Causes of Periodontitis:

  • Plaque Buildup: Failure to remove plaque leads to tartar formation.
  • Poor Oral Hygiene: Inadequate brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups.
  • Gum Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can progress to periodontitis.

Early detection is key to managing periodontitis and avoiding further complications.

Common Symptoms of Periodontitis

Manifestations of advanced gum disease often manifest as common symptoms associated with periodontitis. When individuals experience symptoms like the ones outlined below, seeking prompt treatment is essential to prevent further progression of the condition:

  1. Bleeding Gums: One of the most common symptoms of periodontitis is gums that bleed easily, especially during brushing or flossing.
  2. Persistent Bad Breath: Chronic bad breath that doesn’t improve with oral hygiene could be a sign of bacterial infection in the gums.
  3. Gum Recession: As periodontitis advances, the gums may start to pull away from the teeth, leading to gum recession and exposing the tooth’s root.
  4. Loose Teeth: In the later stages of gum disease, the supporting structures around the teeth weaken, causing teeth to become loose or shift.

Recognising these symptoms early can aid in seeking timely treatment and support in managing periodontitis effectively.

If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, consulting with a dental professional is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.

Progression Through Different Stages

Periodontitis progresses through various stages, each reflecting different levels of severity and damage. Understanding these stages is critical for timely intervention.

Stages of Gum Disease:

  1. Gingivitis:
    • Symptoms: Redness, swelling, and bleeding gums.
    • Treatment: Professional cleaning and improved oral hygiene.
  2. Early Periodontitis:
    • Symptoms: Pockets form between gums and teeth, mild bone loss.
    • Treatment: Scaling and root planing.
  3. Moderate Periodontitis:
    • Symptoms: Increased pocket depth, significant bone loss, possible tooth mobility.
    • Treatment: More intensive scaling, potential surgical intervention.
  4. Advanced Periodontitis:
    • Symptoms: Severe pocketing, gum recession, loose teeth, persistent bad breath.
    • Treatment: Surgery, bone and tissue grafts, ongoing maintenance.

Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices can prevent gingivitis from progressing to more severe stages.

Available Treatment Options

Treating periodontitis requires a tailored approach depending on the stage of the disease. Here are the primary treatment options:

Non-Surgical Treatments:

  • Scaling and Root Planing: Deep cleaning is done to remove plaque and tartar and smooth the root surfaces.
  • Antibiotics: Prescribed to control bacterial infections and reduce inflammation.

Surgical Treatments:

  • Flap Surgery: Lifting the gums to remove tartar deep beneath the gum line.
  • Bone and Tissue Grafts: Used to regenerate lost bone or gum tissue.

Ongoing Maintenance:

  • Regular Cleanings: Essential for keeping gum disease in check after treatment.
  • Good Oral Hygiene: Brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash daily to maintain healthy gums.

Key Takeaways

Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that can have lasting effects on your oral health. Early detection and treatment are crucial in managing the condition. 

At Gentle Dental Hawthorn, located at 781 Glenferrie Road, Hawthorn VIC, we are committed to helping you maintain healthy gums and a beautiful smile. Don’t delay—schedule an appointment today to safeguard your teeth and gums from periodontitis.